TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of recent HIV infection and in-utero HIV-1 transmission
AU - Taha, Taha E.
AU - James, Maria M.
AU - Hoover, Donald R.
AU - Sun, Jin
AU - Laeyendecker, Oliver
AU - Mullis, Caroline E.
AU - Kumwenda, Johnstone J.
AU - Lingappa, Jairam R.
AU - Auvert, Bertran
AU - Morrison, Charles S.
AU - Mofensen, Lynne M.
AU - Taylor, Allan
AU - Fowler, Mary G.
AU - Kumenda, Newton I.
AU - Eshleman, Susan H.
PY - 2011/7/17
Y1 - 2011/7/17
N2 - Objective: We previously developed a multiassay algorithm (MAA) to identify recent HIV infection that includes the BED-capture enzyme immunoassay, an avidity assay based on the Genetic Systems HIV-1/HIV-2+O enzyme immunoassay, CD4 cell count, and HIV viral load. We used this MAA to evaluate the association between recent maternal HIV infection and in-utero transmission of HIV. METHODS:: Plasma samples were collected at delivery from 2561 HIV-infected women in the postexposure prophylaxis of infants-Malawi trial. The MAA described above was used to identify women with recent HIV infection. Logistic regression models assessed association between recent HIV infection and in-utero HIV transmission (defined as a positive infant HIV DNA test at birth). Results: Seventy-three women were identified as recently infected using the MAA. Those women were younger and had lower parity than women who were identified as not recently infected using the MAA (P<0.0001 for age and parity). The frequency of in-utero HIV transmission was 17.8% among women identified as recently infected, compared with 6.7% among women identified as not recently infected (13/73 vs. 166/2488, P=0.001). In a multivariate model, three factors were independently associated with in-utero HIV transmission: recent infection [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-4.78, P=0.006], log10 HIV viral load at delivery (AOR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.60-2.51, P<0.0001), and younger age (per 10 year increase, AOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43-0.93, P=0.02). Conclusion: Results obtained using a MAA suggest that recent maternal HIV acquisition is strongly associated with in-utero HIV transmission, independent of HIV viral load at delivery.
AB - Objective: We previously developed a multiassay algorithm (MAA) to identify recent HIV infection that includes the BED-capture enzyme immunoassay, an avidity assay based on the Genetic Systems HIV-1/HIV-2+O enzyme immunoassay, CD4 cell count, and HIV viral load. We used this MAA to evaluate the association between recent maternal HIV infection and in-utero transmission of HIV. METHODS:: Plasma samples were collected at delivery from 2561 HIV-infected women in the postexposure prophylaxis of infants-Malawi trial. The MAA described above was used to identify women with recent HIV infection. Logistic regression models assessed association between recent HIV infection and in-utero HIV transmission (defined as a positive infant HIV DNA test at birth). Results: Seventy-three women were identified as recently infected using the MAA. Those women were younger and had lower parity than women who were identified as not recently infected using the MAA (P<0.0001 for age and parity). The frequency of in-utero HIV transmission was 17.8% among women identified as recently infected, compared with 6.7% among women identified as not recently infected (13/73 vs. 166/2488, P=0.001). In a multivariate model, three factors were independently associated with in-utero HIV transmission: recent infection [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-4.78, P=0.006], log10 HIV viral load at delivery (AOR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.60-2.51, P<0.0001), and younger age (per 10 year increase, AOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43-0.93, P=0.02). Conclusion: Results obtained using a MAA suggest that recent maternal HIV acquisition is strongly associated with in-utero HIV transmission, independent of HIV viral load at delivery.
KW - HIV
KW - Malawi
KW - incidence
KW - mother-to-child transmission
KW - multiassay algorithm
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U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283489d45
DO - 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283489d45
M3 - Article
C2 - 21572305
AN - SCOPUS:79959973528
SN - 0269-9370
VL - 25
SP - 1357
EP - 1364
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
IS - 11
ER -