TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between race, household income and grip strength in middleand older-Aged adults
AU - Thorpe, Roland J.
AU - Simonsick, Eleanor
AU - Zonderman, Alan
AU - Evans, Michelle K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging (project ZIA AG000513). Research conducted by the first author was funded by grant P60MD000214 from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) of NIH.
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Background: Poor grip strength is an indicator of frailty and a precursor to functional limitations. Although poor grip strength is more prevalent in older disabled African American women, little is known about the association between race and poverty-related disparities and grip strength in middleaged men and women. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional relationship between race, socioeconomic status as assessed by household income, and hand grip strength in men and women in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. General linear models examined grip strength (maximum of two trials on both sides) by race and household income adjusted for age, weight, height, hand pain, education, insurance status, family income, and two or more chronic conditions. Results: Of 2,091 adults, 422(45.4%) were male, 509(54.8%) were African American, and 320 (34.5%) were living in households with incomes below 125% of the federal poverty level (low SES). In adjusted models, African American women had greater grip strength than White women independent of SES (low income household: 29.3 vs 26.9 kg and high income household: 30.5 vs. 28.3kg; P<.05 for both); whereas in men, only African Americans in the high income household group had better grip strength than Whites (46.3 vs. 43.2; P<.05). Conclusions: The relationship between grip strength, race and SES as assessed by household income varied in this cohort. Efforts to develop grip strength norms and cut points that indicate frailty and sarcopenia may need to be race-And income-specific.
AB - Background: Poor grip strength is an indicator of frailty and a precursor to functional limitations. Although poor grip strength is more prevalent in older disabled African American women, little is known about the association between race and poverty-related disparities and grip strength in middleaged men and women. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional relationship between race, socioeconomic status as assessed by household income, and hand grip strength in men and women in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. General linear models examined grip strength (maximum of two trials on both sides) by race and household income adjusted for age, weight, height, hand pain, education, insurance status, family income, and two or more chronic conditions. Results: Of 2,091 adults, 422(45.4%) were male, 509(54.8%) were African American, and 320 (34.5%) were living in households with incomes below 125% of the federal poverty level (low SES). In adjusted models, African American women had greater grip strength than White women independent of SES (low income household: 29.3 vs 26.9 kg and high income household: 30.5 vs. 28.3kg; P<.05 for both); whereas in men, only African Americans in the high income household group had better grip strength than Whites (46.3 vs. 43.2; P<.05). Conclusions: The relationship between grip strength, race and SES as assessed by household income varied in this cohort. Efforts to develop grip strength norms and cut points that indicate frailty and sarcopenia may need to be race-And income-specific.
KW - Aging
KW - Health disparities
KW - Physical function
KW - Race
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U2 - 10.18865/ed.26.4.493
DO - 10.18865/ed.26.4.493
M3 - Article
C2 - 27773976
AN - SCOPUS:84994807440
SN - 1049-510X
VL - 26
SP - 493
EP - 500
JO - Ethnicity and Disease
JF - Ethnicity and Disease
IS - 4
ER -