Assessment of Cognitive Training

Memory loss is a common concern among older adults, but it is not an inevitable part of cognitive aging. Research findings suggest that behavioral interventions may help individuals maintain or improve memory and cognitive performance in later life. The challenge for the geriatric clinician is to comprehensively assess an individual in order to determine the nature and severity of impairment and best determine the most appropriate course of treatment, including which type of cognitive training program(s) may be most beneficial. This chapter is structured to guide clinicians through the identification of cognitive impairment, selection of the most appropriate and effective type of cognitive training program, and assessment of the effects of cognitive training in normal aging as well as in those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Before selecting or implementing a cognitive training program, the clinician should assess the client's neuropsychological, physical, and psychological status, as well as other contextual and life-event information. A full history is needed because the nature and severity of the cognitive impairment can render particular treatment options inappropriate. A patient's lifestyle or personal preferences might also determine the course of treatment.