TY - JOUR
T1 - Assay for codeine, morphine and ten potential urinary metabolites by gas chromatography-mass fragmentography
AU - Cone, E. J.
AU - Darwin, W. D.
AU - Buchwald, W. F.
PY - 1983
Y1 - 1983
N2 - A mass fragmentography (MF) assay is described for ten potential, minor urinary metabolites of codeine (C) and morphine (M). Samples were hydrolyzed, extracted, derivatized with Tri-Sil Z and analyzed by methane chemical ionization (CI)-MF. The method is sensitive to ca. 0.01 μg/ml for all compounds with the exception of normorphine (NM) which was difficult to extract with chloroform. The sensitivity of the MF assay for NM was only ca. 0.10 μg/ml. Various solvent systems were investigated for optimization of extraction efficiency of all metabolites. A separate method for the extraction of NM is reported which utilizes a solid buffer-solvent combination, i.e., potassium carbonate-isopropanol. This latter method provided the best overall recovery of NM (39.0 ± 3.4%). Gas chromatographic (GC) retention times of C, M and metabolites are reported for three liquid phases (3%) on Gas-Chrom Q (100-120 mesh). Resolution of metabolites (as trisilyl derivatives) was best on Silar-5CP and this phase was used in metabolic studies of C and M. GC resolution was not complete for all compounds; however, selection of specific ions for monitoring by MF provided the required specificity for all compounds except the 6α- and 6β-hydroxy isomers. CI spectra for all metabolites are reported. The MF assay was used for urinary analysis of samples from guinea pigs that received single doses of C (15 mg/kg) or M (8 mg/kg). Following C administration 6α- and 6β-hydrocodol, 6α,β-hydromorphol (undifferentiated), HM and M were measured. Following M administration only 6α,β-hydromorphol was found. The amount of total metabolite as percent dose for each component was calculated as < 1%.
AB - A mass fragmentography (MF) assay is described for ten potential, minor urinary metabolites of codeine (C) and morphine (M). Samples were hydrolyzed, extracted, derivatized with Tri-Sil Z and analyzed by methane chemical ionization (CI)-MF. The method is sensitive to ca. 0.01 μg/ml for all compounds with the exception of normorphine (NM) which was difficult to extract with chloroform. The sensitivity of the MF assay for NM was only ca. 0.10 μg/ml. Various solvent systems were investigated for optimization of extraction efficiency of all metabolites. A separate method for the extraction of NM is reported which utilizes a solid buffer-solvent combination, i.e., potassium carbonate-isopropanol. This latter method provided the best overall recovery of NM (39.0 ± 3.4%). Gas chromatographic (GC) retention times of C, M and metabolites are reported for three liquid phases (3%) on Gas-Chrom Q (100-120 mesh). Resolution of metabolites (as trisilyl derivatives) was best on Silar-5CP and this phase was used in metabolic studies of C and M. GC resolution was not complete for all compounds; however, selection of specific ions for monitoring by MF provided the required specificity for all compounds except the 6α- and 6β-hydroxy isomers. CI spectra for all metabolites are reported. The MF assay was used for urinary analysis of samples from guinea pigs that received single doses of C (15 mg/kg) or M (8 mg/kg). Following C administration 6α- and 6β-hydrocodol, 6α,β-hydromorphol (undifferentiated), HM and M were measured. Following M administration only 6α,β-hydromorphol was found. The amount of total metabolite as percent dose for each component was calculated as < 1%.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0378-4347(00)84377-7
DO - 10.1016/S0378-4347(00)84377-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 6619237
AN - SCOPUS:0020620944
SN - 0378-4347
VL - 275
SP - 307
EP - 318
JO - Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications
JF - Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications
IS - C
ER -