Artemisinin triggers induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in Leishmania donovani promastigotes

Rupashree Sen, Samiran Bandyopadhyay, Avijit Dutta, Goutam Mandal, Sudipto Ganguly, Piu Saha, Mitali Chatterjee

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

152 Scopus citations

Abstract

A major impediment to effective anti-leishmanial chemotherapy is the emergence of drug resistance, especially to sodium antimony gluconate, the first-line treatment for leishmaniasis. Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua, is an established anti-malarial compound that showed anti-leishmanial activity in both promastigotes and amastigotes, with IC50 values of 160 and 22 μM, respectively, and, importantly, was accompanied by a high safety index (>22-fold). The leishmanicidal activity of artemisinin was mediated via apoptosis as evidenced by externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, in situ labelling of DNA fragments by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) and cell-cycle arrest at the sub-G0/G 1 phase. Taken together, these data indicate that artemisinin has promising anti-leishmanial activity that is mediated by programmed cell death and, accordingly, merits consideration and further investigation as a therapeutic option for the treatment of leishmaniasis.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1213-1218
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of medical microbiology
Volume56
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2007
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Microbiology
  • Microbiology (medical)

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