TY - JOUR
T1 - Applications of ketogenic diets in patients with headache
T2 - Clinical recommendations
AU - Di Lorenzo, Cherubino
AU - Ballerini, Giovanna
AU - Barbanti, Piero
AU - Bernardini, Andrea
AU - D’arrigo, Giacomo
AU - Egeo, Gabriella
AU - Frediani, Fabio
AU - Garbo, Riccardo
AU - Pierangeli, Giulia
AU - Prudenzano, Maria Pia
AU - Rebaudengo, Nicoletta
AU - Semeraro, Grazia
AU - Sirianni, Giulio
AU - Valente, Mariarosaria
AU - Coppola, Gianluca
AU - Cervenka, Mackenzie C.
AU - Spera, Giovanni
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Fabrizio Antonucci for his logistics and organizational support, and the team of Associazione Eupraxia for the scientific support during the writing and revising of the manuscript. Funding for this report was provided by Associazione Eupraxia thanks to a non-conditional scientific contribution of New Penta S.r.l., Castelletto Stura (CN), Italy.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Headaches are among the most prevalent and disabling neurologic disorders and there are several unmet needs as current pharmacological options are inadequate in treating patients with chronic headache, and a growing interest focuses on nutritional approaches as non-pharmacological treatments. Among these, the largest body of evidence supports the use of the ketogenic diet (KD). Exactly 100 years ago, KD was first used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy, but subsequent applications of this diet also involved other neurological disorders. Evidence of KD effectiveness in migraine emerged in 1928, but in the last several year’s different groups of researchers and clinicians began utilizing this therapeutic option to treat patients with drug-resistant migraine, cluster headache, and/or headache comorbid with metabolic syndrome. Here we describe the existing evidence supporting the potential benefits of KDs in the management of headaches, explore the potential mechanisms of action involved in the efficacy in-depth, and synthesize results of working meetings of an Italian panel of experts on this topic. The aim of the working group was to create a clinical recommendation on indications and optimal clinical practice to treat patients with headaches using KDs. The results we present here are designed to advance the knowledge and application of KDs in the treatment of headaches.
AB - Headaches are among the most prevalent and disabling neurologic disorders and there are several unmet needs as current pharmacological options are inadequate in treating patients with chronic headache, and a growing interest focuses on nutritional approaches as non-pharmacological treatments. Among these, the largest body of evidence supports the use of the ketogenic diet (KD). Exactly 100 years ago, KD was first used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy, but subsequent applications of this diet also involved other neurological disorders. Evidence of KD effectiveness in migraine emerged in 1928, but in the last several year’s different groups of researchers and clinicians began utilizing this therapeutic option to treat patients with drug-resistant migraine, cluster headache, and/or headache comorbid with metabolic syndrome. Here we describe the existing evidence supporting the potential benefits of KDs in the management of headaches, explore the potential mechanisms of action involved in the efficacy in-depth, and synthesize results of working meetings of an Italian panel of experts on this topic. The aim of the working group was to create a clinical recommendation on indications and optimal clinical practice to treat patients with headaches using KDs. The results we present here are designed to advance the knowledge and application of KDs in the treatment of headaches.
KW - Clinical recommendations
KW - Cluster headache
KW - Headache
KW - Ketogenic diets
KW - Ketones
KW - Ketosis
KW - Migraine
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U2 - 10.3390/nu13072307
DO - 10.3390/nu13072307
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34371817
AN - SCOPUS:85113870320
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 7
M1 - 2307
ER -