Antibody maturation in women who acquire HIV infection while using antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis

Oliver Laeyendecker, Andrew D. Redd, Martha Nason, Andrew F. Longosz, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Vivek Naranbhai, Nigel Garrett, Susan H. Eshleman, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Thomas C. Quinn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

The CAPRISA 004 preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) randomized trial demonstrated that women who used a vaginal gel containing the antiretroviral drug tenofovir (TFV) had a 39% lower risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is not known whether topical TFV alters the antibody response to breakthrough HIV infection. In this study, antibody maturation was evaluated using 3 serologic assays: the BED capture enzyme immunoassay (CEIA), the Bio-Plex (Luminex) assay, and the Bio-Rad avidity assay. Tests were performed using serum samples collected 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, and >48 months after seroconversion from 95 women in the CAPRISA 004 trial (35 in the TFV gel arm and 60 in the placebo arm). For the BED CEIA and Luminex assay, linear mixed effects models were used to examine test results by study arm. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to examine time to avidity cutoff. Anti-HIV antibody titers did not differ between study arms. Women assigned to TFV gel demonstrated slower antibody avidity maturation, as determined by the Bio-Rad (P = .04) and gp120 Bio-Plex (P = .028) assays. Women who were assigned to receive topical TFV but became infected had slower antibody avidity maturation, with potential implications for diagnosis and antibody-based incidence assays as access to antiretroviral therapy-based PrEP is increased.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)754-759
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Infectious Diseases
Volume212
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 1 2015

Keywords

  • Antibody maturation
  • HIV
  • Incidence assay
  • Preexposure prophylaxis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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