TY - JOUR
T1 - Antenatal vitamin A supplementation increases birth weight and decreases anemia among infants born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected women in Malawi
AU - Kumwenda, Newton
AU - Miotti, Paolo G.
AU - Taha, Taha E.
AU - Broadhead, Robin
AU - Biggar, Robert J.
AU - Jackson, J. Brooks
AU - Melikian, George
AU - Semba, Richard D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: National Institutes of Health (grants HD-32247 and HD-30042; contract AI-35173-117, Fogarty International Center) and United States Agency for International Development (cooperative agreement HRN-A-00-97-00015-00). Micronutrients for this study were generously donated by BASF.
PY - 2002/9/1
Y1 - 2002/9/1
N2 - Vitamin A is essential for immunity and growth. A controlled clinical that involved 697 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women was conducted to determine whether vitamin A prevents anemia, low birth weight, growth failure, HIV transmission, and mortality. Women received daily doses of iron and folate, either alone or combined with vitamin A (3 mg retinol equivalent), from 18-28 weeks' gestation until delivery. In the vitamin A and control groups, respectively, the mean (± SE) birth weights were 2895 ± 31 g and 2805 ± 32 g (P = .05), the proportions of low-birth-weight infants were 14.0% and 21.1% (P = .03), the proportions of anemic infants at 6 weeks postpartum were 23.4% and 40.6% (P<.001), and the respective cumulative proportions of infants who were HIV infected at 6 weeks and 24 months of age were 26.6% and 27.8% (P = .76) and 27.7% and 32.8% (P = .21). Receipt of vitamin A improved birth weight and neonatal growth and reduced anemia, but it did not affect perinatal HIV transmission.
AB - Vitamin A is essential for immunity and growth. A controlled clinical that involved 697 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women was conducted to determine whether vitamin A prevents anemia, low birth weight, growth failure, HIV transmission, and mortality. Women received daily doses of iron and folate, either alone or combined with vitamin A (3 mg retinol equivalent), from 18-28 weeks' gestation until delivery. In the vitamin A and control groups, respectively, the mean (± SE) birth weights were 2895 ± 31 g and 2805 ± 32 g (P = .05), the proportions of low-birth-weight infants were 14.0% and 21.1% (P = .03), the proportions of anemic infants at 6 weeks postpartum were 23.4% and 40.6% (P<.001), and the respective cumulative proportions of infants who were HIV infected at 6 weeks and 24 months of age were 26.6% and 27.8% (P = .76) and 27.7% and 32.8% (P = .21). Receipt of vitamin A improved birth weight and neonatal growth and reduced anemia, but it did not affect perinatal HIV transmission.
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U2 - 10.1086/342297
DO - 10.1086/342297
M3 - Article
C2 - 12173139
AN - SCOPUS:0036720614
SN - 1058-4838
VL - 35
SP - 618
EP - 624
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
IS - 5
ER -