Antenatal hydronephrosis current evaluation and management

Use of antenatal ultrasound for evaluation of congenital anomalies in early pregnancy has become a common practice. Hydronephrosis is the most common anomaly observed. Urologists are being referred such cases more frequently. Prenatal intervention is experimental and being done in advanced centers. Though there are defined criteria of intervention, it is still not clear as to who will benefit. Majority of patients develop urinary insufficiency postnatally. This review was undertaken to discuss the issues in evaluation, diagnosis and management of neonates born with hydronephrosis diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound. Most patients will have relatively benign course, however identification of those who will have potentially serious postnatal problems, permits early intervention.