Abstract
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can reduce human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia to clinically undetectable levels. Despite this dramatic reduction, some virus is present in the blood. In addition, a long-lived latent reservoir for HIV-1 exists in resting memory CD4+ T cells. This reservoir is believed to be a source of the residual viremia and is the focus of eradication efforts. Here, we use two measures of population structure - analysis of molecular variance and the Slatkin-Maddison test - to demonstrate that the residual viremia is genetically distinct from proviruses in resting CD4+ T cells but that proviruses in resting and activated CD4+ T cells belong to a single population. Residual viremia is genetically distinct from proviruses in activated CD4 + T cells, monocytes, and unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The finding that some of the residual viremia in patients on HAART stems from an unidentified cellular source other than CD4+ T cells has implications for eradication efforts.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 8470-8481 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of virology |
Volume | 83 |
Issue number | 17 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2009 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Insect Science
- Virology