An unusual case of extensive xanthogranulomatous orchitis in a diabetic patient

Objective: We report an unusual case of extensive xanthogranulomatous orchitis (XGO) in association with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 65-year-old Kuwaiti man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presented with a painful left testicular swelling of 1 year duration. Testicular tumor markers were normal. Scrotal ultrasonography showed a mass lesion of mixed echotexture, which almost replaced the testicular parenchyma. Left-sided orchiectomy was performed with the clinical diagnosis of testicular neoplasia. Subsequent examination revealed the diagnosis of XGO, and the patient is well 2 years after the operation. Conclusion: Extensive tumorous XGO associated with diabetes mellitus has not been previously reported. We offer this case to highlight the implied role of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus in the pathogenesis of XGO.