TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in mesenchymal stem cell research in sepsis
AU - Wannemuehler, Todd J.
AU - Manukyan, Mariuxi C.
AU - Brewster, Benjamin D.
AU - Rouch, Joshua
AU - Poynter, Jeffrey A.
AU - Wang, Yue
AU - Meldrum, Daniel R.
PY - 2012/3
Y1 - 2012/3
N2 - Background: Sepsis remains a source of morbidity and mortality in the postoperative patient despite appropriate resuscitative and antimicrobial approaches. Recent research has focused upon additional interventions such as exogenous cell-based therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit multiple beneficial properties through their capacity for homing, attenuating the inflammatory response, modulating immune cells, and promoting tissue healing. Recent animal trials have provided evidence that MSCs may be useful therapeutic adjuncts. Materials and Methods: A directed search of recent medical literature was performed utilizing PubMed to examine the pathophysiology of sepsis, mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell interaction with host cells, sepsis animal models, and recent trials utilizing stem cells in sepsis. Results: MSCs continue to show promise in the treatment of sepsis by their intrinsic ability to home to injured tissue, secrete paracrine signals to limit systemic and local inflammation, decrease apoptosis in threatened tissues, stimulate neoangiogenesis, activate resident stem cells, beneficially modulate immune cells, and exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. These effects are associated with reduced organ dysfunction and improved survival in animal models. Conclusion: Research utilizing animal models of sepsis has provided a greater understanding of the beneficial properties of MSCs. Their capacity to home to sites of injury and use paracrine mechanisms to change the local environment to ultimately improve organ function and survival make MSCs attractive in the treatment of sepsis. Future studies are needed to further evaluate the complex interactions between MSCs and host tissues.
AB - Background: Sepsis remains a source of morbidity and mortality in the postoperative patient despite appropriate resuscitative and antimicrobial approaches. Recent research has focused upon additional interventions such as exogenous cell-based therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit multiple beneficial properties through their capacity for homing, attenuating the inflammatory response, modulating immune cells, and promoting tissue healing. Recent animal trials have provided evidence that MSCs may be useful therapeutic adjuncts. Materials and Methods: A directed search of recent medical literature was performed utilizing PubMed to examine the pathophysiology of sepsis, mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell interaction with host cells, sepsis animal models, and recent trials utilizing stem cells in sepsis. Results: MSCs continue to show promise in the treatment of sepsis by their intrinsic ability to home to injured tissue, secrete paracrine signals to limit systemic and local inflammation, decrease apoptosis in threatened tissues, stimulate neoangiogenesis, activate resident stem cells, beneficially modulate immune cells, and exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. These effects are associated with reduced organ dysfunction and improved survival in animal models. Conclusion: Research utilizing animal models of sepsis has provided a greater understanding of the beneficial properties of MSCs. Their capacity to home to sites of injury and use paracrine mechanisms to change the local environment to ultimately improve organ function and survival make MSCs attractive in the treatment of sepsis. Future studies are needed to further evaluate the complex interactions between MSCs and host tissues.
KW - animal sepsis models
KW - cell-based therapy
KW - mesenchymal stem cells
KW - sepsis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jss.2011.09.053
DO - 10.1016/j.jss.2011.09.053
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22225756
AN - SCOPUS:84857050210
SN - 0022-4804
VL - 173
SP - 113
EP - 126
JO - Journal of Surgical Research
JF - Journal of Surgical Research
IS - 1
ER -