TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in immunotherapy for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
AU - Bonifant, Challice L.
AU - Velasquez, Mireya Paulina
AU - Gottschalk, Stephen
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors’ AML research is supported by grants from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (RP160693), Alex Lemonade Stand Foundation, the Hyundai Hope on Wheels Foundation, the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation, and the Ravitz Family Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/1/2
Y1 - 2018/1/2
N2 - Introduction: Achieving better disease control in patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has proven challenging. Overall survival has been impacted by addressing treatment related mortality with focused supportive care measures. Despite this improvement, it remains difficult to induce durable leukemia remissions despite aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens. The addition of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) has allowed further treatment intensification and provided the benefit of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. However, HSCT carries the risk of transplant related morbidities, particularly GVHD, and anti-tumor responsiveness is still suboptimal. Thus, there is a need for alternate therapies. Immunotherapy has the potential to address this need. Areas covered: This review highlights promises and challenges to immune-based therapies for AML. It aims to summarize immunotherapeutic strategies trialed in AML patients to date, inclusive of: antibodies, vaccines, and cellular therapy. It emphasizes those being used in the pediatric population, but also includes adult clinical trials and translational science that may ultimately extend to pediatric patients. Expert opinion: The elusiveness of an ideal surface antigen target together with an immunosuppressive leukemic microenvironment add to the already difficult challenge in developing AML-targeted immunotherapies. Though many hurdles remain, recent translational discovery and progressive clinical advances anticipate exciting future developments.
AB - Introduction: Achieving better disease control in patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has proven challenging. Overall survival has been impacted by addressing treatment related mortality with focused supportive care measures. Despite this improvement, it remains difficult to induce durable leukemia remissions despite aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens. The addition of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) has allowed further treatment intensification and provided the benefit of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. However, HSCT carries the risk of transplant related morbidities, particularly GVHD, and anti-tumor responsiveness is still suboptimal. Thus, there is a need for alternate therapies. Immunotherapy has the potential to address this need. Areas covered: This review highlights promises and challenges to immune-based therapies for AML. It aims to summarize immunotherapeutic strategies trialed in AML patients to date, inclusive of: antibodies, vaccines, and cellular therapy. It emphasizes those being used in the pediatric population, but also includes adult clinical trials and translational science that may ultimately extend to pediatric patients. Expert opinion: The elusiveness of an ideal surface antigen target together with an immunosuppressive leukemic microenvironment add to the already difficult challenge in developing AML-targeted immunotherapies. Though many hurdles remain, recent translational discovery and progressive clinical advances anticipate exciting future developments.
KW - Acute myeloid leukemia
KW - NK cell therapy
KW - T cell therapy
KW - antibodies
KW - immunotherapy
KW - vaccines
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U2 - 10.1080/14712598.2018.1384463
DO - 10.1080/14712598.2018.1384463
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28945115
AN - SCOPUS:85038447798
SN - 1471-2598
VL - 18
SP - 51
EP - 63
JO - Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
JF - Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
IS - 1
ER -