Advanced radiation therapy technologies in the treatment of rectal and anal cancer: Intensity-modulated photon therapy and proton therapy

Jeffrey Meyer, Brian Czito, Fang Fang Yin, Christopher Willett

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

44 Scopus citations

Abstract

Intensity-modulated photon radiation therapy (RT; IMRT) and proton therapy are advanced radiation technologies that permit improved conformation of radiation dose to target structures while limiting irradiation of surrounding normal tissues. Application of these technologies in the treatment of rectal and anal cancer is attractive, based on the potential reduction in radiation treatment toxicities that are frequently incurred in the pelvis and perineum. Furthermore, conformal RT might also allow for dose escalation to target areas, leading to improved tumor control. This review discusses the underlying principles of IMRT. In addition, the rationale and clinical data regarding the efficacy of radiation dose escalation for rectal and anal cancer will be highlighted, as well as tolerance of pelvic organs to RT and chemotherapy. Finally, preliminary results of IMRT in the treatment of lower gastrointestinal tract cancers will be reviewed. The potential and rationale for proton therapy in treatment of these malignances are also discussed.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)348-356
Number of pages9
JournalClinical Colorectal Cancer
Volume6
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2007
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Chemotherapy
  • Tolerance
  • Toxicity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

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