@article{e80f6d456e0841de808ef06e68e44938,
title = "Adult enteric nervous system in health is maintained by a dynamic balance between neuronal apoptosis and neurogenesis",
abstract = "According to current dogma, there is little or no ongoing neurogenesis in the fully developed adult enteric nervous system. This lack of neurogenesis leaves unanswered the question of how enteric neuronal populations are maintained in adult guts, given previous reports of ongoing neuronal death. Here, we confirm that despite ongoing neuronal cell loss because of apoptosis in the myenteric ganglia of the adult small intestine, total myenteric neuronal numbers remain constant. This observed neuronal homeostasis is maintained by new neurons formed in vivo from dividing precursor cells that are located within myenteric ganglia and express both Nestin and p75NTR, but not the pan-glial marker Sox10. Mutation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog gene in this pool of adult precursors leads to an increase in enteric neuronal number, resulting in ganglioneuromatosis, modeling the corresponding disorder in humans. Taken together, our results show significant turnover and neurogenesis of adult enteric neurons and provide a paradigm for understanding the enteric nervous system in health and disease.",
keywords = "Adult neurogenesis, Enteric neural precursor cells, Enteric neurons, Nestin, Neuronal apoptosis",
author = "Subhash Kulkarni and Micci, {Maria Adelaide} and Jenna Leser and Changsik Shin and Tang, {Shiue Cheng} and Fu, {Ya Yuan} and Liansheng Liu and Qian Li and Monalee Saha and Cuiping Li and Grigori Enikolopov and Laren Becker and Nikolai Rakhilin and Michael Anderson and Xiling Shen and Xinzhong Dong and Butte, {Manish J.} and Hongjun Song and Southard-Smith, {E. Michelle} and Kapur, {Raj P.} and Milena Bogunovic and Pasricha, {Pankaj J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant R01DK080920 (to P.J.P.); Grant P30 DK089502 (Conte Digestive Diseases Basic and Translational Research Core Center at the Johns Hopkins University); NIH Grants OT2-OD023849 and R01GM114254 (to X.S.); Defense Advanced Research Planning Agency Grant N660015-2-4059 (to X.S.); NIH Grants R01DE022750 and R01GM087369 (to X.D.); a Johns Hopkins University Brain Science Institute grant and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (to X.D.); an innovation award from the Kenneth Rainin Foundation (to M.B.); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Grant R21 AI126351 01 (to M.B.); and March of Dimes Grant 1FY-12-450) (to E.M.S.-S.).",
year = "2017",
month = may,
day = "2",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.1619406114",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "114",
pages = "E3709--E3718",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
issn = "0027-8424",
publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
number = "18",
}