TY - GEN
T1 - Accuracy of x-ray image-based 3D localization from two C- arm views
T2 - Medical Imaging 2009: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging
AU - Brost, Alexander
AU - Strobel, Norbert
AU - Yatziv, Liron
AU - Gilson, Wesley
AU - Meyer, Bernhard
AU - Hornegger, Joachim
AU - Lewin, Jonathan
AU - Wacker, Frank
N1 - Funding Information:
Conflict-of-interest disclosure: M.-H.D.-L. has received personal fees for scientific lectures from Amgen, Janssen, and Roche and nonfinancial personal support from Celgene during the conduct of the study. P.F. has received personal fees from Roche and Celgene outside of the submitted work. R.-O.C. has received grants for clinical research, honoraria, and travel expenses from, as well as served on advisory boards for, Roche, Gilead Sciences, and Takeda; honoraria and travel expenses from, as well as served on advisory boards for, Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, and Celgene; and served on advisory boards for, as well as received honoraria from, AbbVie outside of the submitted work. R.H. has received honoraria or consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, Gilead Sciences, Kite, Roche, Novartis, Janssen, and Celgene. H.T. has received grants and personal fees from Cel-gene, personal fees and nonfinancial support from Roche, and personal fees from Karyopharm, AstraZeneca, and Bristol Myers Squibb outside of the submitted work. S.L.G. has acted as a consultant for and served on advisory boards for Roche SAS, Janssen-Cilag, Gilead Sciences/Kite, Novartis, Loxo Oncology, AbbVie, and Servier. V.R. has served on advisory boards for Gilead, Infinity, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, Epizyme, NanoString, Incyte, and Roche and has received research funding from argenx outside of the submitted work. G.C. has acted as a consultant for,
Funding Information:
This study was supported by Celgene Corporation and the Lymphoma Academic Research Organization group.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - C-arm X-ray imaging devices are commonly used for minimally invasive cardiovascular or other interventional procedures. Calibrated state-of-the-art systems can, however, not only be used for 2D imaging but also for three-dimensional reconstruction either using tomographic techniques or even stereotactic approaches. To evaluate the accuracy of X-ray object localization from two views, a simulation study assuming an ideal imaging geometry was carried out first. This was backed up with a phantom experiment involving a real C-arm angiography system. Both studies were based on a phantom comprising five point objects. These point objects were projected onto a flat-panel detector under different C-arm view positions. The resulting 2D positions were perturbed by adding Gaussian noise to simulate 2D point localization errors. In the next step, 3D point positions were triangulated from two views. A 3D error was computed by taking differences between the reconstructed 3D positions using the perturbed 2D positions and the initial 3D positions of the five points. This experiment was repeated for various C-arm angulations involving angular differences ranging from 15o to 165o. The smallest 3D reconstruction error was achieved, as expected, by views that were 90o degrees apart. In this case, the simulation study yielded a 3D error of 0.82 mm ± 0.24 mm (mean ± standard deviation) for 2D noise with a standard deviation of 1.232 mm (4 detector pixels).The experimental result for this view configuration obtained on an AXIOM Artis C-arm (Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Forchheim, Germany) system was 0.98 mm ± 0.29 mm, respectively. These results show that state-of-the-art C-arm systems can localize instruments with millimeter accuracy, and that they can accomplish this almost as well as an idealized theoretical counterpart. High stereotactic localization accuracy, good patient access, and CT-like 3D imaging capabilities render state-of-the-art C-arm systems ideal devices for X-ray based minimally invasive procedures.
AB - C-arm X-ray imaging devices are commonly used for minimally invasive cardiovascular or other interventional procedures. Calibrated state-of-the-art systems can, however, not only be used for 2D imaging but also for three-dimensional reconstruction either using tomographic techniques or even stereotactic approaches. To evaluate the accuracy of X-ray object localization from two views, a simulation study assuming an ideal imaging geometry was carried out first. This was backed up with a phantom experiment involving a real C-arm angiography system. Both studies were based on a phantom comprising five point objects. These point objects were projected onto a flat-panel detector under different C-arm view positions. The resulting 2D positions were perturbed by adding Gaussian noise to simulate 2D point localization errors. In the next step, 3D point positions were triangulated from two views. A 3D error was computed by taking differences between the reconstructed 3D positions using the perturbed 2D positions and the initial 3D positions of the five points. This experiment was repeated for various C-arm angulations involving angular differences ranging from 15o to 165o. The smallest 3D reconstruction error was achieved, as expected, by views that were 90o degrees apart. In this case, the simulation study yielded a 3D error of 0.82 mm ± 0.24 mm (mean ± standard deviation) for 2D noise with a standard deviation of 1.232 mm (4 detector pixels).The experimental result for this view configuration obtained on an AXIOM Artis C-arm (Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Forchheim, Germany) system was 0.98 mm ± 0.29 mm, respectively. These results show that state-of-the-art C-arm systems can localize instruments with millimeter accuracy, and that they can accomplish this almost as well as an idealized theoretical counterpart. High stereotactic localization accuracy, good patient access, and CT-like 3D imaging capabilities render state-of-the-art C-arm systems ideal devices for X-ray based minimally invasive procedures.
KW - Accuracy
KW - C-arm
KW - Localization
KW - Projection
KW - Reconstruction
KW - Triangulation
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U2 - 10.1117/12.811147
DO - 10.1117/12.811147
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:67149117032
SN - 9780819475121
T3 - Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE
BT - Medical Imaging 2009
Y2 - 8 February 2009 through 10 February 2009
ER -