TY - JOUR
T1 - A recombinant polymeric hemoglobin with conformational, functional, and physiological characteristics of an in vivo O2 transporter
AU - Bobofchak, Kevin M.
AU - Mito, Toshiaki
AU - Texel, Sarah J.
AU - Bellelli, Andrea
AU - Nemoto, Masaaki
AU - Traystman, Richard J.
AU - Koehler, Raymond C.
AU - Brinigar, William S.
AU - Fronticelli, Clara
PY - 2003/8/1
Y1 - 2003/8/1
N2 - With the objective of developing a recombinant oxygen carrier suitable for therapeutic applications, we have employed an Escherichia coli expression system to synthesize in high-yield hemoglobin (Hb) Minotaur, containing α-human and β-bovine chains. Polymerization of Hb Minotaur through S-S intermolecular cross-linking was obtained by introducing a Cys at position β9 and substituting the naturally occurring Cys. This homogeneous polymer, Hb Polytaur, has a molecular mass of ∼500 kDa and was resistant toward reducing agents present in blood. In mice, the circulating half-time (3 h) was fivefold greater than adult human Hb (HbA). The half-time of autooxidation measured in blood (46 h) exceeded the circulating retention time. Hypervolemic exchange transfusion resulted in increased arterial blood pressure similar to that with albumin. The increase in pressure was less than that obtained by transfusion of cross-linked tetrameric Hb known to undergo renovascular extravasation. The nitric oxide reactivity of Hb Polytaur was similar to HbA, suggesting that the diminished pressor response to Hb Polytaur was probably related to diminished extravasation. Transfusion of 3% Hb Polytaur during focal cerebral ischemia reduced infarct volume by 22%. Therefore, site-specific Cys insertion on the Hb surface results in uniform size polymers that do not produce the large pressor response seen with tetrameric Hb. Polymerization maintains physiologically relevant oxygen and heme affinity, stability toward denaturation and oxidation, and effective oxygen delivery as indicated by reduced cerebral ischemic damage.
AB - With the objective of developing a recombinant oxygen carrier suitable for therapeutic applications, we have employed an Escherichia coli expression system to synthesize in high-yield hemoglobin (Hb) Minotaur, containing α-human and β-bovine chains. Polymerization of Hb Minotaur through S-S intermolecular cross-linking was obtained by introducing a Cys at position β9 and substituting the naturally occurring Cys. This homogeneous polymer, Hb Polytaur, has a molecular mass of ∼500 kDa and was resistant toward reducing agents present in blood. In mice, the circulating half-time (3 h) was fivefold greater than adult human Hb (HbA). The half-time of autooxidation measured in blood (46 h) exceeded the circulating retention time. Hypervolemic exchange transfusion resulted in increased arterial blood pressure similar to that with albumin. The increase in pressure was less than that obtained by transfusion of cross-linked tetrameric Hb known to undergo renovascular extravasation. The nitric oxide reactivity of Hb Polytaur was similar to HbA, suggesting that the diminished pressor response to Hb Polytaur was probably related to diminished extravasation. Transfusion of 3% Hb Polytaur during focal cerebral ischemia reduced infarct volume by 22%. Therefore, site-specific Cys insertion on the Hb surface results in uniform size polymers that do not produce the large pressor response seen with tetrameric Hb. Polymerization maintains physiologically relevant oxygen and heme affinity, stability toward denaturation and oxidation, and effective oxygen delivery as indicated by reduced cerebral ischemic damage.
KW - Artificial oxygen carriers
KW - Blood substitutes
KW - Exchange transfusion
KW - Extravasation
KW - Focal cerebral ischemia
KW - Hemoglobin polymeric
KW - Hemoglobin recombinant
KW - Hemoglobin retention time
KW - Hemoglobin synthetic
KW - Transfusional fluids
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U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00037.2003
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00037.2003
M3 - Article
C2 - 12689854
AN - SCOPUS:0037623907
SN - 0363-6135
VL - 285
SP - H549-H561
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology
IS - 2 54-2
ER -