TY - JOUR
T1 - A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effect of Broccoli Sprouts on Antioxidant Gene Expression and Airway Inflammation in Asthmatics
AU - Sudini, Kuladeep
AU - Diette, Gregory B.
AU - Breysse, Patrick N.
AU - McCormack, Meredith C.
AU - Bull, Deborah
AU - Biswal, Shyam
AU - Zhai, Shuyan
AU - Brereton, Nga
AU - Peng, Roger D.
AU - Matsui, Elizabeth C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Conflicts of interest: G. B. Diette has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and the EPA. M. C. McCormack has received research support from National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Boehringer Igelheim; and receives royalties from UpToDate. S. Zhai was employed by the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (ended August 2013); and has received research support from the National Institutes of Health. R. D. Peng has received research support from the National Institutes of Health; and has received consultancy fees from the Health Effects Institute. E. C. Matsui has received research support from the National Institutes of Health; and has received consultancy fees from the Environmental Defense Fund. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts.
Funding Information:
This work was funded through the following grants: K24 AI114769 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infections Diseases ; and P01 ES018176 , R01 ES023447 , and P50ES015903 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Background Broccoli sprouts (BS) are the richest source of sulforaphane (SFN), which is a potent inducer of phase II enzymes, which play a critical role in preventing oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine if ingestion of whole BS improves airway inflammatory and physiologic outcomes, and OS in adults with asthma and allergic sensitization to an indoor allergen. Methods The study is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to compare the effects of BS with placebo (alfalfa sprouts [AS]) on airway inflammation and markers of OS. Forty adults (aged 18-50 years) were randomized to eat either (a) 100 g of BS daily or (b) 100 g of AS daily for 3 days. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), forced expiratory volume 1, nasal epithelial and PBMC gene expression, inflammatory and OS biomarkers, and symptoms were assessed both before and after ingestion of the sprouts. The primary outcome variable was the change in FENO. Secondary outcome measures included rhinitis and asthma symptoms, lung function, and OS and inflammatory biomarkers. Results BS ingestion for 3 consecutive days did not reduce FENO, despite resulting in a marked increase in serum SFN concentrations (21 vs 22 parts per billion, P = .76). Furthermore, BS consumption did not induce cytoprotective antioxidant genes in either PBMCs or nasal epithelial cells, reduce OS and inflammatory markers, or improve lung function. Conclusions Ingestion of whole BS for 3 days does not appear to improve eosinophilic pulmonary inflammation, inflammatory and OS biomarkers, or clinical features of asthma among atopic adults with asthma despite resulting in a marked increase in serum SFN levels.
AB - Background Broccoli sprouts (BS) are the richest source of sulforaphane (SFN), which is a potent inducer of phase II enzymes, which play a critical role in preventing oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine if ingestion of whole BS improves airway inflammatory and physiologic outcomes, and OS in adults with asthma and allergic sensitization to an indoor allergen. Methods The study is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to compare the effects of BS with placebo (alfalfa sprouts [AS]) on airway inflammation and markers of OS. Forty adults (aged 18-50 years) were randomized to eat either (a) 100 g of BS daily or (b) 100 g of AS daily for 3 days. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), forced expiratory volume 1, nasal epithelial and PBMC gene expression, inflammatory and OS biomarkers, and symptoms were assessed both before and after ingestion of the sprouts. The primary outcome variable was the change in FENO. Secondary outcome measures included rhinitis and asthma symptoms, lung function, and OS and inflammatory biomarkers. Results BS ingestion for 3 consecutive days did not reduce FENO, despite resulting in a marked increase in serum SFN concentrations (21 vs 22 parts per billion, P = .76). Furthermore, BS consumption did not induce cytoprotective antioxidant genes in either PBMCs or nasal epithelial cells, reduce OS and inflammatory markers, or improve lung function. Conclusions Ingestion of whole BS for 3 days does not appear to improve eosinophilic pulmonary inflammation, inflammatory and OS biomarkers, or clinical features of asthma among atopic adults with asthma despite resulting in a marked increase in serum SFN levels.
KW - Antioxidants
KW - Asthma
KW - Broccoli sprouts
KW - FENO
KW - Oxidative stress
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.03.012
DO - 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.03.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 27130714
AN - SCOPUS:84964649292
VL - 4
SP - 932
EP - 940
JO - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
JF - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
SN - 2213-2198
IS - 5
ER -