TY - JOUR
T1 - A multichannel semicircular canal neural prosthesis using electrical stimulation to restore 3-D vestibular sensation
AU - Della Santina, Charles C.
AU - Migliaccio, Americo A.
AU - Patel, Amit H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 29, 2006; revised January 22, 2007. This work was supported by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders under Grant K08-DC006216 and Grant R01-DC002390, in part by an American Otological Society Clinician-Scientist Award, and in part by a Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Ross Clinician-Scientist Award. Asterisk indicates corresponding author. *C. C. Della Santina is with the Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA (e-mail: charley.dellasantina@jhu.edu).
PY - 2007/6
Y1 - 2007/6
N2 - Bilateral loss of vestibular sensation can be disabling. Those afflicted suffer illusory visual field movement during head movements, chronic disequilibrium and postural instability due to failure of vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes. A neural prosthesis that emulates the normal transduction of head rotation by semicircular canals could significantly improve quality of life for these patients. Like the three semicircular canals in a normal ear, such a device should at least transduce three orthogonal (or linearly separable) components of head rotation into activity on corresponding ampullary branches of the vestibular nerve. We describe the design, circuit performance and in vivo application of a head-mounted, semi-implantable multichannel vestibular prosthesis that encodes head movement in three dimensions as pulse-frequency-modulated electrical stimulation of three or more ampullary nerves. In chinchillas treated with intratympanic gentamicin to ablate vestibular sensation bilaterally, prosthetic stimuli elicited a partly compensatory angular vestibulo-ocular reflex in multiple planes. Minimizing misalignment between the axis of eye and head rotation, apparently caused by current spread beyond each electrode's targeted nerve branch, emerged as a key challenge. Increasing stimulation selectivity via improvements in electrode design, surgical technique and stimulus protocol will likely be required to restore AVOR function over the full range of normal behavior.
AB - Bilateral loss of vestibular sensation can be disabling. Those afflicted suffer illusory visual field movement during head movements, chronic disequilibrium and postural instability due to failure of vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes. A neural prosthesis that emulates the normal transduction of head rotation by semicircular canals could significantly improve quality of life for these patients. Like the three semicircular canals in a normal ear, such a device should at least transduce three orthogonal (or linearly separable) components of head rotation into activity on corresponding ampullary branches of the vestibular nerve. We describe the design, circuit performance and in vivo application of a head-mounted, semi-implantable multichannel vestibular prosthesis that encodes head movement in three dimensions as pulse-frequency-modulated electrical stimulation of three or more ampullary nerves. In chinchillas treated with intratympanic gentamicin to ablate vestibular sensation bilaterally, prosthetic stimuli elicited a partly compensatory angular vestibulo-ocular reflex in multiple planes. Minimizing misalignment between the axis of eye and head rotation, apparently caused by current spread beyond each electrode's targeted nerve branch, emerged as a key challenge. Increasing stimulation selectivity via improvements in electrode design, surgical technique and stimulus protocol will likely be required to restore AVOR function over the full range of normal behavior.
KW - Balance
KW - Bilateral vestibular deficiency
KW - Chinchilla
KW - Gentamicin
KW - Implant
KW - Labyrinth
KW - VOR
KW - Vestibular prosthesis
KW - Vestibulo-ocular reflex
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U2 - 10.1109/TBME.2007.894629
DO - 10.1109/TBME.2007.894629
M3 - Article
C2 - 17554821
AN - SCOPUS:34249314396
SN - 0018-9294
VL - 54
SP - 1016
EP - 1030
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
IS - 6
ER -