TY - JOUR
T1 - 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure classification and incident peripheral artery disease
T2 - The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
AU - Lu, Yifei
AU - Ballew, Shoshana H.
AU - Tanaka, Hirofumi
AU - Szklo, Moyses
AU - Heiss, Gerardo
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Matsushita, Kunihiro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The European Society of Cardiology 2019.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of blood pressure categorization based on the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guideline with the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods: Among 13,113 middle-aged participants, we investigated the associations of 2017 blood pressure categories (systolic <120 and diastolic <80 mmHg (normal if no anti-hypertensive medications; reference), 120–129 and <80 (elevated), 130–139 and/or 80–89 (stage 1 hypertension), and ≥140 and/or ≥90 (stage 2 hypertension)) with incident PAD (hospitalizations with a diagnosis or leg revascularization) using Cox regression models. Analyses were separately conducted in individuals with and without anti-hypertensive medications. Results: During a median follow-up of 25.4 years, 466 incident PAD occurred (271 cases in 9858 participants without anti-hypertensive medications). In participants without anti-hypertensive medications, we observed significant hazard ratios of PAD in elevated blood pressure (1.80 (1.28–2.51)) and stage 2 hypertension (2.40 (1.72–3.34)), but not in stage 1 hypertension. Analyzing systolic and diastolic blood pressure separately, higher systolic blood pressure categories showed significant associations with incident PAD in a graded fashion whereas, for diastolic blood pressure, only ≥90 mmHg did. Generally similar patterns were seen among participants on anti-hypertensive medication, while they had higher risk of PAD than those without at each blood pressure category. Conclusions: Systolic blood pressure, including the category of 130–139 mmHg, showed stronger associations with incident PAD than did diastolic blood pressure. Consequently, elevated blood pressure conferred similar or even greater risk of PAD than stage 1 hypertension, with implications on how to interpret new blood pressure categories in terms of leg vascular health.
AB - Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of blood pressure categorization based on the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guideline with the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods: Among 13,113 middle-aged participants, we investigated the associations of 2017 blood pressure categories (systolic <120 and diastolic <80 mmHg (normal if no anti-hypertensive medications; reference), 120–129 and <80 (elevated), 130–139 and/or 80–89 (stage 1 hypertension), and ≥140 and/or ≥90 (stage 2 hypertension)) with incident PAD (hospitalizations with a diagnosis or leg revascularization) using Cox regression models. Analyses were separately conducted in individuals with and without anti-hypertensive medications. Results: During a median follow-up of 25.4 years, 466 incident PAD occurred (271 cases in 9858 participants without anti-hypertensive medications). In participants without anti-hypertensive medications, we observed significant hazard ratios of PAD in elevated blood pressure (1.80 (1.28–2.51)) and stage 2 hypertension (2.40 (1.72–3.34)), but not in stage 1 hypertension. Analyzing systolic and diastolic blood pressure separately, higher systolic blood pressure categories showed significant associations with incident PAD in a graded fashion whereas, for diastolic blood pressure, only ≥90 mmHg did. Generally similar patterns were seen among participants on anti-hypertensive medication, while they had higher risk of PAD than those without at each blood pressure category. Conclusions: Systolic blood pressure, including the category of 130–139 mmHg, showed stronger associations with incident PAD than did diastolic blood pressure. Consequently, elevated blood pressure conferred similar or even greater risk of PAD than stage 1 hypertension, with implications on how to interpret new blood pressure categories in terms of leg vascular health.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - critical limb ischemia
KW - peripheral artery disease
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U2 - 10.1177/2047487319865378
DO - 10.1177/2047487319865378
M3 - Article
C2 - 31362534
AN - SCOPUS:85070404700
SN - 2047-4873
VL - 27
SP - 51
EP - 59
JO - European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
JF - European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
IS - 1
ER -