TY - JOUR
T1 - β-amyloid peptide and amyloid precursor proteins in olfactory mucosa of patients with alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, and down syndrome
AU - Crino, Peter B.
AU - Greenberg, Barry
AU - Martin, John A.
AU - Lee, Virginia M.Y.
AU - Hill, William D.
AU - Trojanowski, John Q.
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Departments of Neurology (Crino) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Martin, Greenberg, Lee, Trojanowski), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Georgia Medical School, Augusta, Georgia (Hill). Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging.
PY - 1995/8
Y1 - 1995/8
N2 - Dystrophic neurites are present in olfactory epithelium (OE) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Down syndrome (DS) and occasionally in normal individuals. Cultured olfactory neuroblasts from AD patients generate carboxy terminal amyloid precursor protein (APP) fragments that contain β-amyloid (Aβ), but it is not known if deposits of Aβ and/or APP fragments occur in the OE of individuals with or without AD, PD, or DS. To determine if Aβ accumulates in the OE in situ, we probed postmortem samples of olfactory mucosa from patients with AD, PD and AD (PD/AD), and DS and AD (DS/AD), as well as from controls, using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to Aβ and flanking sequences in APPs. Samples of OE also were examined by thioflavin-S and electron microscopy. Labeling of Aβ was observed in 10 of 12 AD cases, 2 of 3 PD/AD cases, 3 of 4 DS/AD cases, 3 of 10 adult controls, and 4 of 6 fetal cases. The Aβ staining was seen in the basal third of the OE, in axons projecting through the lamina propria, and in metaplastic respiratory epithelium within the OE. Antibodies to other APP domains stained the OE of patients and controls. Thioflavin-S staining was present in the basal third of the OE of 8 of 9 AD patients and several PD/AD and DS/AD patients, but only in rare cells of 3 controls. Electron microscopy did not reveal amyloid fibrils in the OE. These data suggest that deposition of Aβ occurs in a variety of circumstances and is not restricted to patients with AD, PD, or DS.
AB - Dystrophic neurites are present in olfactory epithelium (OE) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Down syndrome (DS) and occasionally in normal individuals. Cultured olfactory neuroblasts from AD patients generate carboxy terminal amyloid precursor protein (APP) fragments that contain β-amyloid (Aβ), but it is not known if deposits of Aβ and/or APP fragments occur in the OE of individuals with or without AD, PD, or DS. To determine if Aβ accumulates in the OE in situ, we probed postmortem samples of olfactory mucosa from patients with AD, PD and AD (PD/AD), and DS and AD (DS/AD), as well as from controls, using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to Aβ and flanking sequences in APPs. Samples of OE also were examined by thioflavin-S and electron microscopy. Labeling of Aβ was observed in 10 of 12 AD cases, 2 of 3 PD/AD cases, 3 of 4 DS/AD cases, 3 of 10 adult controls, and 4 of 6 fetal cases. The Aβ staining was seen in the basal third of the OE, in axons projecting through the lamina propria, and in metaplastic respiratory epithelium within the OE. Antibodies to other APP domains stained the OE of patients and controls. Thioflavin-S staining was present in the basal third of the OE of 8 of 9 AD patients and several PD/AD and DS/AD patients, but only in rare cells of 3 controls. Electron microscopy did not reveal amyloid fibrils in the OE. These data suggest that deposition of Aβ occurs in a variety of circumstances and is not restricted to patients with AD, PD, or DS.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Down syndrome
KW - Parkinson's disease
KW - amyloid
KW - olfactory epithelium
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U2 - 10.1177/000348949510400812
DO - 10.1177/000348949510400812
M3 - Article
C2 - 7639477
AN - SCOPUS:0029095040
SN - 0003-4894
VL - 104
SP - 655
EP - 661
JO - Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology
JF - Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology
IS - 8
ER -